<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="in-text" version="1.0" demote-non-dropping-particle="sort-only">
  <info>
    <title>Umeå University (author-date/Harvard)</title>
    <title-short>Umu (author-date/Harvard)</title-short>
    <id>http://www.zotero.org/styles/umea-university-harvard</id>
    <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/umea-university-harvard" rel="self"/>
    <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/sodertorns-hogskola-harvard" rel="template"/>
    <link href="https://www.umu.se/bibliotek/soka-skriva-studera/skriva-referenser/harvard-hanvisningar-i-text/" rel="documentation"/>
    <link href="https://www.umu.se/bibliotek/soka-skriva-studera/skriva-referenser/harvard-skriva-referenslista/" rel="documentation"/>
    <link href="https://github.com/SagaNy91/citation-styles/tree/main/zotero" rel="documentation"/>
    <author>
      <name>Saga Nylund</name>
      <email>saga_nylund@hotmail.com</email>
    </author>
    <category citation-format="author-date"/>
    <category field="generic-base"/>
    <updated>2026-01-05T14:58:08+00:00</updated>
    <rights license="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License</rights>
  </info>
  <locale xml:lang="sv">
    <terms>
      <term name="page" form="short">s.</term>
      <term name="number-of-pages" form="short">s.</term>
      <term name="accessed">Hämtad</term>
    </terms>
  </locale>
  <macro name="author">
    <choose>
      <if type="bill broadcast legal_case legislation" match="none">
        <names variable="author">
          <name and="symbol" delimiter-precedes-last="never" initialize-with="." name-as-sort-order="all"/>
          <label prefix=" (" form="short" plural="contextual" suffix=")"/>
          <substitute>
            <names variable="editor"/>
            <names variable="director"/>
            <names variable="composer"/>
            <names variable="translator"/>
            <names variable="contributor"/>
            <text macro="anon"/>
          </substitute>
        </names>
      </if>
      <else>
        <choose>
          <if variable="container-title">
            <choose>
              <if type="broadcast" match="any">
                <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic"/>
              </if>
              <else>
                <text variable="container-title"/>
              </else>
            </choose>
          </if>
          <else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
            <text variable="number" suffix="."/>
          </else-if>
          <else>
            <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
          </else>
        </choose>
      </else>
    </choose>
    <choose>
      <if type="entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if variable="author editor" match="none">
            <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic" suffix="."/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </if>
      <else-if type="article-newspaper webpage" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if variable="author editor" match="none">
            <text variable="container-title" suffix="."/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="motion_picture" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if variable="author director editor" match="none">
            <text variable="title" suffix="."/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="author-short">
    <choose>
      <if type="bill broadcast legal_case legislation" match="none">
        <names variable="author">
          <name form="short" and="symbol" delimiter-precedes-last="never" delimiter=", " name-as-sort-order="all" sort-separator=", "/>
          <substitute>
            <names variable="editor"/>
            <names variable="translator"/>
            <names variable="contributor"/>
            <names variable="director"/>
            <text macro="anon"/>
          </substitute>
        </names>
      </if>
      <else>
        <choose>
          <if variable="container-title">
            <text variable="container-title" form="short"/>
          </if>
          <else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
            <text variable="number"/>
          </else-if>
          <else>
            <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
          </else>
        </choose>
      </else>
    </choose>
    <choose>
      <if type="article-newspaper entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia webpage" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if variable="author editor" match="none">
            <text variable="container-title"/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </if>
      <else-if type="motion_picture" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if variable="author director editor" match="none">
            <text variable="title"/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="container-contributors">
    <choose>
      <if variable="container-author">
        <names variable="container-author">
          <name name-as-sort-order="all" sort-separator=",&#160;" initialize-with=". " and="symbol" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never">
            <name-part name="family"/>
          </name>
        </names>
      </if>
      <else>
        <choose>
          <if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
            <names variable="editor">
              <name name-as-sort-order="all" sort-separator=",&#160;" initialize-with=". " and="symbol" delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="never">
                <name-part name="family"/>
              </name>
              <label prefix=" (" form="short" plural="contextual" suffix=")"/>
            </names>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="anon">
    <choose>
      <if type="article-newspaper broadcast entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia motion_picture webpage" match="none">
        <text term="anonymous" form="short" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="access">
    <choose>
      <if variable="DOI">
        <text prefix="doi:" variable="DOI"/>
      </if>
      <else-if variable="URL" match="any">
        <text variable="URL"/>
        <group prefix=" (" suffix=")" delimiter=" ">
          <text term="accessed" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
          <date variable="accessed" delimiter="-">
            <date-part name="year"/>
            <date-part name="month" form="numeric-leading-zeros" strip-periods="true"/>
            <date-part name="day" form="numeric-leading-zeros"/>
          </date>
        </group>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="title">
    <choose>
      <if type="thesis" match="any">
        <group delimiter=" " suffix=". ">
          <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
        </group>
        <text macro="genre"/>
      </if>
      <else-if type="bill legislation" match="any">
        <group delimiter=". ">
          <text variable="title-short"/>
          <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="book legal_case map report speech webpage" match="any">
        <group delimiter=". ">
          <group delimiter=", ">
            <group delimiter=" ">
              <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
            </group>
            <text variable="scale"/>
          </group>
          <text macro="edition"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="dataset graphic manuscript motion_picture song" match="any">
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
          <choose>
            <if variable="version" match="any">
              <group delimiter=" " prefix="(" suffix=")">
                <text term="version" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
                <text variable="version"/>
              </group>
            </if>
          </choose>
          <text macro="medium"/>
          <text macro="genre"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="patent post" match="any">
        <text variable="title" font-style="italic"/>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="article broadcast" match="any">
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text variable="title"/>
          <text macro="medium"/>
          <text macro="genre"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <text variable="title"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="container">
    <choose>
      <if type="chapter" match="any">
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text term="in" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
          <group delimiter=". ">
            <text macro="container-contributors"/>
            <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic"/>
            <text macro="medium"/>
            <text macro="edition"/>
          </group>
        </group>
      </if>
      <else-if type="paper-conference speech" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if type="paper-conference" match="any">
            <text term="in" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=": "/>
          </if>
        </choose>
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <group delimiter=". ">
            <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic"/>
            <text variable="event"/>
            <text macro="medium"/>
            <text macro="container-contributors"/>
          </group>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="bill graphic legal_case legislation map motion_picture report song" match="any">
        <text variable="container-title"/>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="broadcast post webpage">
        <choose>
          <if variable="container-title">
            <group delimiter=". ">
              <choose>
                <if type="broadcast" match="none">
                  <text variable="container-title"/>
                </if>
              </choose>
              <group delimiter=", ">
                <text variable="number" prefix="Episode "/>
              </group>
            </group>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic"/>
        </group>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="publisher">
    <choose>
      <if type="paper-conference" match="none">
        <text variable="publisher"/>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="issued">
    <choose>
      <if variable="issued">
        <date variable="issued">
          <date-part name="year"/>
        </date>
      </if>
      <else-if type="webpage">
        <date variable="accessed">
          <date-part name="year"/>
        </date>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="bill legislation" match="none">
        <text term="no date" form="short"/>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="edition">
    <group delimiter=" ">
      <choose>
        <if is-numeric="edition">
          <group delimiter=" ">
            <number suffix="." variable="edition"/>
            <text term="edition" form="short"/>
          </group>
        </if>
        <else>
          <text variable="edition"/>
        </else>
      </choose>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <macro name="medium">
    <choose>
      <if type="broadcast graphic motion_picture musical_score song" match="any">
        <text prefix="[" variable="medium" suffix="]" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      </if>
      <else>
        <text variable="medium" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="genre">
    <choose>
      <if type="thesis speech" match="none">
        <text prefix="[" variable="genre" suffix="]" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      </if>
      <else>
        <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="locators">
    <choose>
      <if type="article-journal article-magazine" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if variable="volume" match="none">
            <group delimiter=" " prefix=" ">
              <text term="issue" form="short"/>
              <text variable="issue"/>
            </group>
          </if>
          <else>
            <group prefix=" ">
              <text variable="volume"/>
              <text prefix="(" variable="issue" suffix=")"/>
            </group>
          </else>
        </choose>
        <group delimiter=" " prefix=": ">
          <choose>
            <if variable="page">
              <label variable="page" form="short"/>
              <text variable="page"/>
            </if>
            <else>
              <text variable="number"/>
            </else>
          </choose>
        </group>
      </if>
      <else-if type="article-newspaper" match="any">
        <group prefix=". ">
          <date variable="issued" delimiter=" ">
            <date-part name="day" form="numeric"/>
            <date-part name="month"/>
          </date>
        </group>
        <group delimiter=" " prefix=", ">
          <label variable="page" form="short"/>
          <text variable="page"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="article bill book dataset graphic legal_case legislation manuscript map motion_picture report song" match="any">
        <group delimiter=", " prefix=". ">
          <choose>
            <if variable="publisher" match="any">
              <text macro="publisher"/>
            </if>
            <else-if variable="archive" match="any">
              <group delimiter=". ">
                <group delimiter=", ">
                  <text variable="archive_location"/>
                  <text variable="call-number"/>
                </group>
                <text variable="archive"/>
                <text variable="publisher-place"/>
              </group>
            </else-if>
          </choose>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="thesis" match="any">
        <group delimiter=", " prefix=", ">
          <text macro="publisher"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="broadcast post post-weblog">
        <group delimiter=". " prefix=". ">
          <choose>
            <if type="broadcast" match="none">
              <text macro="container"/>
              <text macro="genre"/>
            </if>
          </choose>
          <text variable="publisher"/>
          <date variable="issued" delimiter=" ">
            <date-part name="day" form="numeric"/>
            <date-part name="month"/>
          </date>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
        <group prefix=". ">
          <text macro="publisher"/>
        </group>
        <group prefix=", " delimiter=" ">
          <label variable="page" form="short"/>
          <text variable="page"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="patent" match="any">
        <text variable="number" prefix=". "/>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <citation et-al-min="4" et-al-use-first="1" and="symbol" disambiguate-add-names="true" disambiguate-add-givenname="true" disambiguate-add-year-suffix="true" givenname-disambiguation-rule="primary-name" collapse="year">
    <sort>
      <key macro="issued"/>
      <key macro="author"/>
    </sort>
    <layout delimiter="; " prefix="(" suffix=")">
      <group delimiter=", ">
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text macro="author-short"/>
          <text macro="issued"/>
        </group>
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <label plural="never" variable="locator" form="short"/>
          <text variable="locator"/>
        </group>
      </group>
    </layout>
  </citation>
  <bibliography hanging-indent="true" entry-spacing="0" line-spacing="1">
    <sort>
      <key macro="author"/>
      <key macro="issued" sort="ascending"/>
    </sort>
    <layout suffix=".">
      <text macro="author"/>
      <group delimiter=". " prefix=" ">
        <text macro="issued" prefix="(" suffix=")"/>
        <text macro="title"/>
        <choose>
          <if type="bill broadcast legislation post post-weblog" match="none">
            <text macro="container"/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </group>
      <text macro="locators"/>
      <text macro="access" prefix=". "/>
    </layout>
  </bibliography>
</style>
