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  <info>
    <title>SBL Handbook of Style 2nd edition (author-date)</title>
    <title-short>Society of Biblical Literature (SBLHS)</title-short>
    <id>http://www.zotero.org/styles/society-of-biblical-literature-author-date</id>
    <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/society-of-biblical-literature-author-date" rel="self"/>
    <link href="http://www.zotero.org/styles/society-of-biblical-literature-fullnote-bibliography" rel="template"/>
    <link href="https://sblhs2.com" rel="documentation"/>
    <link href="https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt14bs6ct" rel="documentation"/>
    <link href="https://archive.org/details/sblhandbookofsty0000unse_g7i4" rel="documentation"/>
    <author>
      <name>Patrick O'Brien</name>
    </author>
    <contributor>
      <name>Andrew Dunning</name>
      <uri>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-5036</uri>
    </contributor>
    <category citation-format="author-date"/>
    <category field="theology"/>
    <summary>Society of Biblical Literature format, author-date style</summary>
    <updated>2026-02-07T15:28:31+00:00</updated>
    <rights license="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License</rights>
  </info>
  <locale xml:lang="en">
    <terms>
      <term name="editor" form="verb-short">ed.</term>
      <term name="section" form="short">
        <single>§</single>
        <multiple>§§</multiple>
      </term>
      <term name="translator" form="verb-short">trans.</term>
      <term name="translator" form="short">trans.</term>
      <term name="editortranslator" form="verb-short">ed. and trans.</term>
      <term name="editortranslator" form="verb">edited and translated by</term>
      <term name="collection-editor" form="verb">edited by</term>
      <term name="collection-editor" form="verb-short">ed.</term>
      <term name="presented at">Paper presented at the</term>
    </terms>
  </locale>
  <macro name="editor-translator-verb-period">
    <names variable="editor translator" delimiter=". ">
      <label form="verb" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
      <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="editor-translator-verb-comma">
    <names variable="editor translator" delimiter=", ">
      <label form="verb" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
      <name and="text" et-al-min="3" et-al-use-first="1"/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="secondary-contributors">
    <choose>
      <if type="chapter paper-conference" match="none">
        <group delimiter=". " prefix=" ">
          <text macro="editor-translator-verb-period"/>
          <names variable="container-author">
            <label form="verb" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
            <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
          </names>
        </group>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="container-contributors">
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      <if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
        <group delimiter=", " prefix=" ">
          <text macro="editor-translator-verb-comma"/>
          <names variable="container-author">
            <label form="verb" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
            <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
          </names>
        </group>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="editor-note">
    <names variable="editor translator">
      <name and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", "/>
      <label form="short" prefix=", "/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="collection-editor">
    <group delimiter=", " prefix=". ">
      <names variable="collection-editor" delimiter=", ">
        <label form="verb" prefix=" " text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
        <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
      </names>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <macro name="recipient-note">
    <names variable="recipient" delimiter=", ">
      <label form="verb" prefix=" " suffix=" "/>
      <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="contributors-in-text">
    <names variable="author">
      <name form="short" and="text"/>
      <substitute>
        <text macro="editor-note"/>
      </substitute>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="editor">
    <names variable="editor">
      <name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
      <label form="short" prefix=", "/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="translator">
    <names variable="translator">
      <name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
      <label form="verb-short" prefix=", "/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="recipient">
    <choose>
      <if type="personal_communication">
        <choose>
          <if variable="genre">
            <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
          </if>
          <else>
            <text term="letter" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
          </else>
        </choose>
      </if>
    </choose>
    <text macro="recipient-note" prefix=" "/>
  </macro>
  <macro name="contributors">
    <names variable="author">
      <name name-as-sort-order="first" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
      <substitute>
        <text macro="editor"/>
        <text macro="translator"/>
      </substitute>
    </names>
    <text macro="recipient" prefix=". "/>
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    <names variable="author">
      <name name-as-sort-order="all" and="text" sort-separator=", " delimiter=", " delimiter-precedes-last="always"/>
      <substitute>
        <names variable="editor"/>
        <names variable="translator"/>
      </substitute>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="interviewer">
    <names variable="interviewer" delimiter=", ">
      <label form="verb" prefix=" " text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
      <name and="text" delimiter=", "/>
    </names>
  </macro>
  <macro name="title-note">
    <choose>
      <if variable="title" match="none">
        <text variable="genre"/>
      </if>
      <else-if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
        <text variable="title" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <text variable="title" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="title">
    <choose>
      <if variable="title" match="none">
        <choose>
          <if type="personal_communication" match="none">
            <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
          </if>
        </choose>
      </if>
      <else-if type="bill book graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture report song" match="any">
        <text variable="title" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <text variable="title" quotes="true" text-case="title"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="description">
    <group delimiter=", ">
      <group delimiter=". ">
        <text macro="interviewer"/>
        <text variable="medium" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      </group>
      <choose>
        <if variable="title" match="none"/>
        <else-if type="thesis speech" match="any"/>
        <else>
          <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
        </else>
      </choose>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <macro name="container-title-note">
    <choose>
      <if type="chapter paper-conference" match="any">
        <text term="in" suffix=" "/>
        <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
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      <else-if type="article-journal">
        <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic" form="short" text-case="title"/>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="collection-title">
    <choose>
      <if variable="volume number-of-volumes" match="any">
        <text variable="collection-title" form="short" text-case="title" font-style="italic"/>
        <text variable="collection-number" prefix=" "/>
        <choose>
          <if type="chapter" variable="container-title" match="all"/>
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            <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
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      </if>
      <else>
        <text variable="collection-title" form="short" text-case="title"/>
        <text variable="collection-number" prefix=" "/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="container-title">
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      <if type="chapter paper-conference entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia" match="any">
        <group delimiter=" " suffix=" ">
          <label variable="page" form="long" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
          <text variable="page"/>
          <text term="in"/>
          <choose>
            <if type="entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia" match="any">
              <choose>
                <if match="any" variable="volume">
                  <label suffix=" " variable="volume" form="short"/>
                  <number variable="volume"/>
                  <text value="of" suffix=" "/>
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              </choose>
            </if>
          </choose>
        </group>
      </if>
    </choose>
    <choose>
      <if type="article-journal">
        <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic" text-case="title" form="short"/>
      </if>
      <else-if type="paper-conference" match="any">
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text term="presented at"/>
          <text variable="container-title"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <text variable="container-title" font-style="italic" text-case="title"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="edition">
    <choose>
      <if type="bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song" match="any">
        <choose>
          <if is-numeric="edition">
            <group delimiter=" ">
              <number variable="edition" form="ordinal"/>
              <text term="edition" form="short"/>
            </group>
          </if>
          <else>
            <text variable="edition" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix="."/>
          </else>
        </choose>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="locators">
    <choose>
      <if type="article-journal">
        <group delimiter=":" prefix=" ">
          <text variable="volume"/>
        </group>
      </if>
      <else-if type="bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song" match="any">
        <group prefix=". " delimiter=". ">
          <text macro="edition"/>
          <choose>
            <if variable="volume">
              <choose>
                <if type="book" variable="collection-title" match="all">
                  <group>
                    <text term="volume" form="short" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
                    <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
                    <text value=" of"/>
                  </group>
                </if>
                <else-if type="chapter" variable="container-title" match="all">
                  <group>
                    <text term="volume" form="short" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
                    <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
                    <text value=" of"/>
                  </group>
                </else-if>
                <else-if variable="locator page" match="none">
                  <group>
                    <text term="volume" form="short" text-case="capitalize-first" suffix=" "/>
                    <number variable="volume" form="numeric"/>
                  </group>
                </else-if>
              </choose>
            </if>
            <else>
              <group>
                <number variable="number-of-volumes" form="numeric"/>
                <text term="volume" form="short" prefix=" " plural="true"/>
              </group>
            </else>
          </choose>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else-if type="entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia" match="any">
        <group prefix=". ">
          <number variable="number-of-volumes" form="numeric"/>
          <text term="volume" form="short" prefix=" " plural="true"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="locators-newspaper">
    <choose>
      <if type="article-newspaper">
        <group delimiter=", ">
          <group delimiter=" ">
            <text variable="edition"/>
            <text term="edition"/>
          </group>
          <group>
            <text term="section" form="short" suffix=" "/>
            <text variable="section"/>
          </group>
        </group>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="event">
    <group>
      <text term="presented at" suffix=" "/>
      <text variable="event"/>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <macro name="publisher">
    <choose>
      <if type="thesis" variable="publisher">
        <text variable="publisher"/>
      </if>
      <else-if variable="publisher">
        <group delimiter=": ">
          <!-- place of publication no longer included: <https://sblhs2.com/2025/12/05/publisher-locations/> -->
          <!-- <text variable="publisher-place"/> -->
          <text variable="publisher"/>
        </group>
      </else-if>
      <else>
        <text variable="publisher-place"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="issued">
    <choose>
      <if variable="issued">
        <choose>
          <if type="graphic report" match="any">
            <date variable="issued">
              <date-part name="month" suffix=" "/>
              <date-part name="day" suffix=", "/>
              <date-part name="year"/>
            </date>
          </if>
          <else-if type="legal_case">
            <text variable="authority" suffix=" "/>
            <date variable="issued">
              <date-part name="year"/>
            </date>
          </else-if>
          <else-if type="bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song thesis article-journal" match="any">
            <date variable="issued">
              <date-part name="year"/>
            </date>
          </else-if>
          <else>
            <date variable="issued">
              <date-part name="day" suffix=" "/>
              <date-part name="month" suffix=" "/>
              <date-part name="year"/>
            </date>
          </else>
        </choose>
      </if>
      <else>
        <text term="no date" form="short"/>
      </else>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="point-locators">
    <choose>
      <if match="any" locator="sub-verbo chapter section">
        <label suffix=" " variable="locator" form="short"/>
      </if>
    </choose>
    <text variable="locator"/>
  </macro>
  <macro name="locators-journal">
    <choose>
      <if type="article-journal">
        <text variable="page" prefix=":"/>
      </if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="archive">
    <group delimiter=". ">
      <text variable="archive_location" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
      <text variable="archive"/>
      <text variable="archive-place"/>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <macro name="issue">
    <choose>
      <if type="speech">
        <choose>
          <if variable="title" match="none"/>
          <else>
            <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first" prefix=". "/>
          </else>
        </choose>
        <text macro="event" prefix=" "/>
        <text variable="event-place" prefix=". "/>
      </if>
      <else-if variable="publisher-place publisher" match="any">
        <group prefix=". " delimiter=", ">
          <choose>
            <if type="thesis">
              <text variable="genre" text-case="capitalize-first"/>
            </if>
          </choose>
          <text macro="publisher"/>
          <choose>
            <if type="paper-conference" match="any">
              <date variable="issued">
                <date-part name="month" suffix=" "/>
                <date-part name="day"/>
              </date>
            </if>
          </choose>
        </group>
      </else-if>
    </choose>
  </macro>
  <macro name="access">
    <group delimiter=". ">
      <choose>
        <if type="graphic report" match="any">
          <text macro="archive"/>
        </if>
        <else-if type="article-journal article-magazine article-newspaper bill book chapter graphic legal_case legislation motion_picture paper-conference report song thesis" match="none">
          <text macro="archive"/>
        </else-if>
      </choose>
      <text variable="URL"/>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <macro name="signed-dictionary-bib">
    <group delimiter="">
      <group delimiter=". ">
        <text macro="contributors"/>
        <text macro="issued"/>
        <text macro="title-note"/>
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text macro="container-title-note"/>
          <text variable="page"/>
        </group>
      </group>
      <text macro="point-locators"/>
    </group>
  </macro>
  <citation et-al-min="4" et-al-use-first="1" disambiguate-add-names="true" disambiguate-add-year-suffix="true" disambiguate-add-givenname="true" givenname-disambiguation-rule="primary-name" collapse="year" after-collapse-delimiter="; ">
    <layout prefix="(" suffix=")" delimiter="; ">
      <group delimiter=", ">
        <group delimiter=" ">
          <text macro="contributors-in-text"/>
          <text macro="issued"/>
        </group>
        <text macro="point-locators"/>
      </group>
    </layout>
  </citation>
  <bibliography hanging-indent="true" et-al-min="10" et-al-use-first="9" subsequent-author-substitute="&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;" entry-spacing="0">
    <sort>
      <key macro="contributors-sort"/>
      <key macro="issued"/>
      <key variable="title"/>
      <key variable="genre"/>
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      <choose>
        <if type="entry-dictionary entry-encyclopedia" match="any">
          <choose>
            <if match="none" variable="author"/>
            <else>
              <text macro="signed-dictionary-bib"/>
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        <else>
          <group delimiter=". ">
            <text macro="contributors"/>
            <text macro="issued"/>
            <text macro="title"/>
            <text macro="description"/>
            <text macro="secondary-contributors"/>
            <text macro="container-title"/>
            <text macro="container-contributors"/>
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          <choose>
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              <text macro="locators"/>
              <text macro="collection-title" text-case="title" prefix=". "/>
            </else>
          </choose>
          <text macro="collection-editor"/>
          <text macro="issue"/>
          <text macro="locators-newspaper" prefix=", "/>
          <text macro="locators-journal"/>
          <text macro="access" prefix=". "/>
        </else>
      </choose>
    </layout>
  </bibliography>
</style>
