• Doctoral Studies, Geochemistry/Geophysics, University of Texas-El Paso, 1981-1983

• M.S., Geophysics/Geochemistry, University of Arizona, 1976

• B.S., Geosciences/Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1973

• Solar-Ionospheric Communications Effects Analysis– USAF Air Weather Service, NORAD Solar Forecast Center, Cheyenne Mountain Complex, 1970

• Technical Instructor – Meteorology – USAF Air Training Command, 1968