"De-Provincializing Soft Power: A Global-Historical Approach" is a three-year research project designed to study the power of cultural persuasion in foreign relations in ways that look beyond the Transatlantic and Western framework in which studies of "soft power" originated in the early 1990s. The project introduces the cases of three emerging powers, Brazil, China, and Turkey, that have developed soft-power agendas in rivalry with the U.S., Europe, and, in at least one region—Africa—with each other.